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深入浅出MFC文档/视图架构之文档模板 |
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时间: 2006-03-15 来自:天极开发 |
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前文我们提到,由于MFC的设计者将CSingleDocTemplate和CMultiDocTemplate的行为未进行规范的区分,它对仅仅对应一个文档的CSingleDocTemplate也提供了所谓的GetFirstDocPosition、GetNextDoc遍历操作,所以基类CDocTemplate的SaveAllModified和CloseAllDocuments函数(都是遍历)就可统一CSingleDocTemplate和CMultiDocTemplate两个本身并不相同类的SaveAllModified和CloseAllDocuments行为(实际上,对于CSingleDocTemplate而言,SaveAllModified和CloseAllDocuments中的"All"是没有太大意义的。教室里有1个老师和N个同学,老师可以对同学们说"所有同学",而学生对老师说"所有老师"相信会被当成神经病)。MFC的设计者们特意使用了"将错就错"的方法意图简化CSingleDocTemplate和CMultiDocTemplate类的设计,读者朋友可以不认同他们的做法。
CDocTemplate还提供了框架窗口的创建和初始化函数:
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// // Default frame creation CFrameWnd* CDocTemplate::CreateNewFrame(CDocument* pDoc, CFrameWnd* pOther) { if (pDoc != NULL) ASSERT_VALID(pDoc); // create a frame wired to the specified document
ASSERT(m_nIDResource != 0); // must have a resource ID to load from CCreateContext context; context.m_pCurrentFrame = pOther; context.m_pCurrentDoc = pDoc; context.m_pNewViewClass = m_pViewClass; context.m_pNewDocTemplate = this;
if (m_pFrameClass == NULL) { TRACE0("Error: you must override CDocTemplate::CreateNewFrame.\n"); ASSERT(FALSE); return NULL; } CFrameWnd* pFrame = (CFrameWnd*)m_pFrameClass->CreateObject(); if (pFrame == NULL) { TRACE1("Warning: Dynamic create of frame %hs failed.\n",m_pFrameClass->m_lpszClassName); return NULL; } ASSERT_KINDOF(CFrameWnd, pFrame);
if (context.m_pNewViewClass == NULL) TRACE0("Warning: creating frame with no default view.\n");
// create new from resource if (!pFrame->LoadFrame(m_nIDResource,WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW | FWS_ADDTOTITLE, // default frame styles NULL, &context)) { TRACE0("Warning: CDocTemplate couldn't create a frame.\n"); // frame will be deleted in PostNcDestroy cleanup return NULL; }
// it worked ! return pFrame; } void CDocTemplate::InitialUpdateFrame(CFrameWnd* pFrame, CDocument* pDoc,BOOL bMakeVisible) { // just delagate to implementation in CFrameWnd pFrame->InitialUpdateFrame(pDoc, bMakeVisible); } | 3. CWinApp与CDocManager/CDocTemplate类
应用程序CWinApp类对象与CDocManager和CDocTemplate类的关系是:CWinApp对象中包含一个CDocManager指针类型的共有数据成员m_pDocManager,CWinApp::InitInstance函数调用CWinApp::AddDocTemplate函数向链表m_templateList添加模板指针(实际上是调用前文所述CDocManager的AddDocTemplate函数)。另外,CWinApp也提供了GetFirstDocTemplatePosition和GetNextDocTemplate函数实现来对m_templateList链表进行访问(实际上也是调用了前文所述CDocManager的GetFirstDocTemplatePosition、GetNextDocTemplate函数)。我们仅摘取CWinApp类声明的一小部分:
class CWinApp : public CWinThread { … CDocManager* m_pDocManager;
// Running Operations - to be done on a running application // Dealing with document templates void AddDocTemplate(CDocTemplate* pTemplate); POSITION GetFirstDocTemplatePosition() const; CDocTemplate* GetNextDocTemplate(POSITION& pos) const;
// Dealing with files virtual CDocument* OpenDocumentFile(LPCTSTR lpszFileName); // open named file void CloseAllDocuments(BOOL bEndSession); // close documents before exiting
// Command Handlers protected: // map to the following for file new/open afx_msg void OnFileNew(); afx_msg void OnFileOpen(); int GetOpenDocumentCount(); … }; | 来看CWinApp派生类CSDIExampleApp(单文档)、CMDIExampleApp(多文档)的InitInstance成员函数的例子(仅仅摘取与文档模板相关的部分):
BOOL CSDIExampleApp::InitInstance() { … CSingleDocTemplate* pDocTemplate; pDocTemplate = new CSingleDocTemplate(IDR_MAINFRAME,RUNTIME_CLASS(CSDIExampleDoc), RUNTIME_CLASS(CMainFrame), // main SDI frame window RUNTIME_CLASS(CSDIExampleView)); AddDocTemplate(pDocTemplate); … return TRUE; } BOOL CMDIExampleApp::InitInstance() { … CMultiDocTemplate* pDocTemplate; pDocTemplate = new CMultiDocTemplate(IDR_MDIEXATYPE, RUNTIME_CLASS(CMDIExampleDoc), RUNTIME_CLASS(CChildFrame), // custom MDI child frame RUNTIME_CLASS(CMDIExampleView)); AddDocTemplate(pDocTemplate); … } | 读者朋友,看完本次连载,也许您有许多不明白的地方,这是正常的。因为其所讲解的内容与后续几次连载息息相关,我们愈往后看,就会愈加清晰。对于本次连载的内容,您只需要建立基本的印象。最初的浅尝辄止是为了最终的深入脊髓!
我们试图对MFC的深层机理刨根究底,"拨开云雾见月明"的过程是艰辛的!
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